Flow simulator · Card networks
Card transaction (online)
Walk through a card-not-present purchase from checkout to settlement.
Step 1 of 60 ms
Cardholder
Initiates checkout
Enters card details (or selects a stored credential / wallet) on the merchant site.
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- 1. Cardholder · 0 msInitiates checkout
Enters card details (or selects a stored credential / wallet) on the merchant site.
- 2. Merchant / Gateway · + ~120 msTokenizes and submits authorization
Gateway tokenizes the PAN and forwards the auth request to the acquirer with risk signals.
- 3. Acquirer · + ~60 msRoutes through the network
Acquirer sends the request through the scheme (Visa, Mastercard, etc.) to the issuer.
- 4. Issuer · + ~80 msAuthorizes / declines
Issuer evaluates funds, fraud risk, and authentication signals, then returns an auth code or decline.
- 5. Merchant · minutes to daysCaptures the transaction
Captures the authorized amount, usually at fulfillment.
- 6. Acquirer & Issuer · 1–2 business daysClearing and settlement
Acquirer submits batch files; scheme nets balances; funds settle in scheme currency, typically T+1/T+2.
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